Jatts — Warrior and Farmer in one. Started getting comfortable with farming life around the sixteenth 100 years. Some Jatt families are: Waraich, Sandhu, Dhillon, Bajwa. Cheema and so forth. Some Bhatti, Chinna, Rai, Tiwana, and Uppal are viewed as Jatts.
Punjabi Rajputs (Rajay, Ranay, Rai) — Took the Rajput titles, either because of the high militarisation of the group or given, them in return for supreme commercial business. Some Punjabi Rajput tribes are Gakkhar, Khokar, Chib, Bhatti, Janjua, Kharal, and so forth.
The 1901 British Census of Punjab provided insights into the largest Punjabi Rajput clans and their Muslim populations at the time.
Arains — An enormous farming clan with a solid political character and association. Some Arain factions are: Mian, Meher, Rahi, Nihal.
Gujjars — Pastoralists, customarily connected with creature cultivation. One of the last wanderers. Some Gujjar groups are: Khatana, Gorsi, Kalas, Chechi.
Awans — Agricultural clan focused in North Punjab and encompassing regions, with a populace in Urban Central Punjab too.
Dogars — Zamindars, generally known to be able looters and for donning medium length long hair, wearing no Pag. Fundamental families of Dogars are: Mattar, Chinna, Tagra, Mahu and Chokra.
Kambohs — Agricultural cultivating Biradri. Kambohs had an outstanding presence in the nobility of The Mughal Empire.
Khatris/Sheikhs — various Khatris embraced Islam in bygone eras, typically Punjabi Muslim Khatris accept ‘Sheik’ as their family name. A few different family names (group names) utilized are Sethi, Nayyar, Bajaj, Chawla, and Uppal.
Kashmiri Origin Punjabis (Butts, Dars, Mirs, Khwajas) — Can be treated as a Biradri for they are woven into the texture of Punjabi society and culture. Predominately are Majails, gathered in Urban Majha; in the urban areas of Lahore, Gujranwala, Faislabad, and Sialkot.
Middle Easterner Persio-Turkic petitioners (Syeds, Mughals, Qureshis, Chughtai, and so forth) — Although a few inquirers positively are real, it ought not to be disregarded that there is a typical example of producing genealogies. Claims are valid or bogus, they are Punjabis to us notwithstanding.
You might be aware of the Chootu gang if you are from Pakistan or Gulab gang if you are from India. Well, Dulla Bhatti had led the infamously popular gang in sharing the common Pakistan-India heritage. Dulla Bhatti (Rai Abdullah Khan Bhatti) was a legendary sixteenth-century outlaw from the Sandal Bar area of Punjab, between the Ravi and Chenab rivers, in what is now Pakistan. Dulla Bhatti is the real hero of Punjab and lives in our folklore. Baldev Singh wrote an excellent biographical novel on his life, “DhahwaN Dilli de Kingrey”. Prof Asad Saleem Shaikh has written a book “Dullay Di Baar” “دُلے دی بار” (The Land/State of Dullah) which is taken as an authentic document on Dullah Bhatti.
Dulla Bhatti was a famous legendary hero of Punjab, who led a rebellion against the famous Mughal king Akbar. There is a kind of epic in the Punjabi language called Dulle di var, which narrates the battle events of Dulla Bhatti. Still, there is a famous region in Punjab, Pakistan, called Dulle Di Bar means the forest of Dulla Bhatti. This legendary Punjabi hero is buried at Miani Sahib Qabristan (Graveyard) in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. There is a town Dullewala (Bhakkar District) in the name of legendary Dulla Bhatti where he had a stay with his allies. Dulla Bhatti was born in a Punjabi family to their mother Ladhi and father Farid Khan in the area of Sandal Baar, near Faisalabad now in Pakistan (Sandal Bar is also related to the legend of Mirza Sahiba).
Dullah is a symbol of resistance
Punjab has always played a big role in resistance to all oppressed. Betrayed by Dogras, from the start Gurjars were against the Mughals, they looted their army, stained their soldiers, and attacked in gorilla war like a method but never surrendered before them. Bhatti’s army was a team of great warriors. They did not attack or invade the weak. Only fought for justice and took the side of the weak and vulnerable. Women and children were especially taken care of. Their women died with their men in case of defeat. They took their clothes off and fought naked as a last resort. We saw this in 1947 when women jumped into canals rivers and even wells.
Abdullah’s grandfather, Sandal Bhatti, was a Rajput zamindar of Punjab who revolted against the Mughals. Akbar’s Finance Minister Todarmal had imposed a fixed tax on the rich landlords, before that there was no fixed tax on the tax, more or less was charged according to the income. But Minister Todarmal fixed the tax amount. Which was opposed by many zamindars. Abdullah’s grandfather, Sandal Bhatti, refused to obey the law and revolted against the Mughals by preparing a small army consisting of several villages around him. Because of this, there was a small war on the banks of river Ravi in Punjab. After which Sampal Bhatti was killed, his son Afridi Bhatti also continued to rebel against the Mughals and he was also killed.
In the folklore of Punjab born Abdullah four months after Afridi’s death, it is said that Shahzada Salim and Abdullah were born on the same day, Akbar was asked by a Nazumi to feed Rajputani’s milk to Salim, which led to Abdullah’s mother In the royal court, Salim was raised to raise Salim, but Abdullah and Salim were brought up together. Abdullah was not told anything about his father’s grandfather for many years. But when the truth was revealed, Abdullah turned against Akbar.
According to Ishwar Dayal Gaur, although he was “the trendsetter in peasant insurgency in medieval Punjab”, he remains “on the periphery of Punjab’s historiography. Bhatti fought for the liberty of his motherland and for his people against the Mughals, very bravely. Dulla Bhatti lost four of his family members protesting against centralized land revenue collection levied by Akbar. He is known as the icon of farmer/peasant uprising against the Mughals. He follows in the footsteps of his father and grandfather and waged guerrilla warfare against the Mughal Empire.
He refused to accept the legitimacy of Mughal King Akbar and refused to pay any tax. Such was the level of resistance put up by the rebels that Akbar had to shift his Imperial Capital to Lahore for nearly 20 years. When Akbar came to Lahore, he ordered the execution of the rebels. Legend has it that to instill fear into the hearts of the common man, Akbar got their SKINS STUFFED WITH HAY wheat hay (toori) and hung the dead bodies on the main door. Dulla wasn’t even born yet.
Pindi Bhattian is the place where Rai Abdullah Khan was born in 1547 in the family of Laddi and Farid Khan, whom the world now calls Dulla Bhatti. He was a Muslim Rajput of the Bhatti clan. Four months before his birth, his father Farid Khan, and his grandfather Sandal Khan were killed by the Mughals for their refusal to pay to accept Mughal suzerainty and pay taxes. The skins of both were stuffed with wheat hay and hanged outside the village of Bharwa in order to instill fear in the hearts of rebels.
After his birth, he was never told of the cause of his father’s and grandfather’s death until he was a young man. One theory has it that Dulla was born at the same time as Akbar’s son Salim (who would later become Emperor Jahangir), but Salim was a weakling and on doctors’ suggestions Akbar brought in Ladhi (Dulla’s mother and a strong Rajput woman) to his palace in Delhi and made her breastfeed Salim. So BOTH DULLA AND SALIM were practically brought up by Ladhi. As adolescents, these two had a good friendship. Dulla and his mother move back to their homeland once Salim has grown up enough.
The story of Dulla has been poetically treated by many and has been written in the style known as Saddam (similar to Mirza by Peelu and Bhagwan Singh). The above incident is thus narrated:
Tera saandal dada maareya, ditta bhore vich paa, Mughlaan puthhiyaan khallaan laah ke bhariyaan naal hawaa.
In the Chardah (East) Punjab-now India-during the Lohri bonfires that mark the end of the deep winter and the start of spring (Capricorn Constellation-Makar appears over the horizon) all the Sikh and Hindu families mark Dulla Bhatti’s social and humanitarian contribution made to rescue and then reintegrate the abducted children and girls from the Moghul forces. The Lohri Song is sung upon the birth of a baby boy- for the agricultural community this marks the continuation of the family land occupation.
Abdullah and his family single-handedly fought the powerful Mughals for the farmers of Punjab, which is why their songs are still sung in folk tales on Lohri (Makarsankranti). Lohri of Punjab is incomplete without Dulla Bhatti. A Pakistani movie with this name was released in 1956. A play is also narrated. Also, RDB’s Dulla is attributed to Rajput Sher Baba Dulla Bhatti with the following lyrics:
Gusse ch dulley nu meroo marey ohliyan
Bai Izztaan tu roliyan
Pindi di dawaley chaldiyan goliyan
Bai Hoiyan kanda poliyan
Ap ta tu jaa ke saungiya eh naanki
Utte lai ke chadra
Mughlan ne tera sabh kujh luttiya oh wadiya bahadara
Mughlan ne tera sabh kujh luttiya oh wadiya bahadara
Mughlan ne tera sabh kujh luttiya oh wadiya bahadara
Rajput hokey pith tu wakhai ah
Oh sir khe pawayi ah
Bhattiyan di pag paira ch rulai ah
Ho sanu laj lai ah
Maa ne dudh makhna de nal paliya tenu aiwe dulliya
Kehnda si mai mughlan to launga badla oh firda si fuliya
Kehnda si mai mughlan to launga badla oh firda si fuliya
Kehnda si mai mughlan to launga badla oh firda si fuliya
Sundran wichari khari vain paundi ah
Bai dulliya balaundi ah
Bai hanju pai bahaundi ah
Bani jaande ohnu eh janjeeran ban ke
Te jeeda dudh chungiya
Beh giya kahnu hun chup kar ke oh kujh bol gungiya
Beh giya kahnu hun chup kar ke oh kujh bol gungiya
Beh giya kahnu hun chup kar ke oh kujh bol gungiya
Firdiyan fauja ghoriyan te charke
Bai raflan nu phar ke
Aapniya bhaina dove leh ge phar ke
Bai mera dil dharke
Noorkha wi tera haar giya Duliya
Oh Mughla na larh ke
Chak le donali ja ke lai lai badla ho kanu baitha dar ke
Chak le donali ja ke lai lai badla ho kanu baitha dar ke
Chak le donali ja ke lai lai badla ho kanu baitha dar ke
Gusse wich chak lai bandook sher ne
Bi ankhi daler ne
Khali aa kasam ajj bagge sher ne
Bai mughal naberne
Bhattiyan di fauj tur pai lahor nu
Bai jaa ke lalkardey
Lagg paye nishaney hun dova pasiya te teer talvar de
Lagg paye nishaney hun dova pasiya te teer talvar de
Lagg paye nishaney hun dova pasiya te teer talvar deBhattiyan di fauj tur pai lahor nu Bai jaa ke lalkardey
As Dulla grew up he became a real fighter and warrior learning the art with his keen eye from here and there, unknowingly in the footsteps of his father and grandfather. When he was young enough, his mother told him about the past, and from then on Dulla pledged that his only purpose in life was to defeat Akbar and kill him. In the meantime, Salim had a fallout with Akbar over Salim’s love affair with Anarkali. Salim rebelled and came up North-west and met up with Dulla. Salim instigated Dulla further to achieve his own motive as well.
With Salim’s support, Dulla built up a small army of dacoits which made loots from the imperial treasure and merchants in the area of Sandal Bar. The famous loots among them were stealing horses from a merchant who was supposed to be working for the Akbar, then robbing Akbar’s gifts sent from the Middle East. His loots were distributed among the poor and this made him a popular and heroic rebel. His compassion for the poor and his help in getting poor girls married are still remembered, especially during the times of celebrating the festival of Lohri (which mostly falls on 13 January).
Seeing so much support for his nephew, Dulla’s uncle Jalaluddin, got envious and complained to Akbar about the mischievous Dulla. In the meantime, Dulla kidnapped two of Akbar’s wives who were going for the Haj pilgrimage. This infuriated Akbar and he ordered the immediate capture or killing of Dulla and the safe release of his queens. A huge army was sent for the task, and Dulla would not binge. People of that area wanted to save Dulla and tried to distract the army; so much so that one girl tried to lure the army chief.
Some believe this story is only the folk tales of Punjab whose historical documents do not exist nor match the facts. Abdullah was born in 1547 while Salim in 1569, it was just a peasant revolt against the new taxation of Todarmal for which Abdullah’s father and grandfather fought against the Mughals. After him, Abdullah also fought a guerrilla war against the Mughals. They used to attack the Mughals’ convoys and loot and distribute them among the poor. Because of this, the Mughal court had declared him a dacoit. The end for Bhatti came in 1599 when he was hanged in Lahore.
Continuing the glory of their ancestors, Dullah Bhatti became the rebel leader of the revolting tribes of Bars of Punjab and resisted Mughal rule for decades. Mughal authority in Punjab became so weak that Akbar had to shift the capital from Agra to Lahore to personally oversee the Mughal campaign against the revolting Bhattis of Sandal Bar. Anyway, Dulla fought bravely and for once the Mughal army had to call for reinforcements because the rebels and the public support were too hot to handle. Dulla’s son was killed in the war. Dulla was deceitfully captured and brought to the emperor’s court in Delhi. He was hanged to death. Ultimately, though, Akbar prevailed, the Mughals captured and beheaded Dullah publicly in the main Bazar area of Lahore.
Akbar had hoped to make an example of him at the public execution, expecting that he would quake with fear, but Bhatti was steadfast in his resistance to the end. Shah Hussain, a contemporary Sufi poet who wrote of him, recorded his last words as being
“No honourable son of Punjab will ever sell the soil of Punjab”.
Dulla always helped poor
Abdullah Bhatti Shaheed who gave a tough time to Jalal ud din Muhammad Akber was hanged for challenging the Mughal role in 1599. He led a rebellion against the Mughal emperor Akbar and is a popular folk hero in Punjab because of his Robin Hood-like acts of kindness to the people. Dulla and his bandits regularly looted the tributes and taxes sent to the Emperor and redistributed them among the poor. Some people say that the Lohri custom of giving money or sweets to the children who go singing from door to door is in honor of Dulla Bhatti’s acts of generosity. The deeds of Bhatti are recounted in folklore and took the form of social banditry.
Bhatti’s class war took the form of social banditry, taking from the rich and giving to the poor. He also opposed the abduction and selling of girls into slavery, arranging marriages for them and also providing their dowries. His efforts may have influenced Akbar’s decision to pacify Guru Arjan Dev and through Dev’s influence the people of Bari Do-Aab, by exempting the area from the requirement to provide land revenues.
Great Rajput Rai Abdullah Bhatti aka Dulla, a Muslim zamindar, rescued a Hindu girl, when she was being forcibly taken away by Mughals, found a Hindu boy, and married her off hurriedly without a priest in his fort at Rakh, between Gujranwala and Sialkot. Gave her ‘ser’ of sugar as ‘shagun’. Since he did not know the mantras, he sang this as the girl and the boy took ‘phere’….. Dulla Bhatti took in the girl after she had been raped by a Mughal soldier, disgraced and abandoned. Dulla Bhatti took the girl to his fortress hideaway and arranged for her to be married to a young Hindu man. Dulla himself gave the girl away in place of her father and officiated the wedding ceremony.
Part of the Hindu wedding ceremony involves the bride and groom making offerings to the sacred fire, and walking around the fire to finalize their marriage. And of course, the priest is supposed to chant blessings on the couple. Since Dulla wasn’t a priest, nor even Hindu (he was Muslim), he didn’t know the proper prayers, so he sang a nonsense song instead. It became folklore.
سندر مندریئے ہو!
تیرا کون وچار ہو!
دُلا بھٹی والا ہو!Sunder mundriye ho!
Tera kaun vicharaa ho!
Dullah Bhatti walla ho!
Dullhe di dhee vyayae ho!
Ser shakkar payee ho!
Kudi da laal pathaka ho!
Kudi da saalu paata ho!
Salu kaun samete!
Chacha gali dese!
Chache choori kutti! zamidara lutti!
Zamindaar sudhaye!
Bum Bum bhole aaye!
Ek bhola reh gaya!
Sipahee far ke lai gaya!
Sipahee ne mari itt!
Bhaanvey ro te bhaanvey pitt!
Sanoo de de Lohri, te teri jeeve jodi!
(Laugh,cry or howl!)Translation:
Beautiful girl
Who will think about you
Dulla of the Bhatti clan will
Dulla’s daughter got married
He gave one ser of sugar!
The girl is wearing a red suit!
But her shawl is torn!
Who will stitch her shawl?!
The uncle made choori!
The landlords looted it!
Landlords are beaten up!
Lots of simple-headed boys came!
One simpleton got left behind!
The soldier arrested him!
The soldier hit him with a brick!
(Cry or howl)!
Give us Lohri, long live your pair (to a married couple)!
Whether you cry, or bang your head later!
This song is sung in Punjab every Lohdi as children go home to home to collect peanuts, rewdi, gachak etc.
This tomb in Lahore is of Abdullah Bhatti whose folk tales are sung at Lohri in Punjab.
Finally, he was caught treacherously and hanged outside the Lahore kotwali in 1599. Today even after centuries his feats are being celebrated on Lohri by Hindu and Sikh Punjabis of East Punjab, while Muslims of West Punjab, who share his faith, his land his blood have no idea who he was. This couplet of Shah Hussain said on the eve of the martyrdom of Dullah still resonates in the winds of Punjab
کہے حسین فقیر سائیں دا، تخت نہ ملدے منگے
The Daring Son of Pindi Bhattian (Distt Hafizabad, Punjab), Bhatti was the ancestor of 40 gotras in Punjab: Rajput, Gujjar, and Jatt clans. There are many claimants:
Claim: Dulla Bhatti was a Rajput warrior
Abdullah Bhatti Gurjar, a great Rajput, son of the soil who fought with the intruders and foreign invaders. The great hero of Punjab Pindi Bhattian Pakistan. He belonged to the warrior-like Rajput clan of Bhattis.
Claim: Abdullah Bhatti hails from a Jatt clan
There is no such thing called Rajput since Raja’s son or “putt” is called Rajput; it could be anybody. Bhatti is a Rajput and Jat clan name of undivided Punjab too – a title of the Sikh Maharaja of Patiala is Bhatti Kul Gaurav (pride of the Bhatti clan).
Claim: Bhattis are Descendants of Hindu Bhagwan Shri Krishna
They ruled a few Kingdoms in Rajputana, I remember only one right now: it’s Jaisalmer. Recently Maharaja of Jaisalmer died. Now his Son Yuvraj Chaitanya Singh Bhatti became the new Maharaja of Jaisalmer Riyasat.
The Punjab or Punjabi resistance narrative went into oblivion under Muslim rulers for varied reasons and the impression was made that Punjab is immune to resistance. It’s high time we embrace illustrious sons of the soil, regardless of which god they worshiped, rather than foreigners who looted and plundered the land building ridiculous monuments for their dead spouses and even pets.
Disclaimer: I am Mughal by bradari.
A list of Pakistani Castes (in alphabetic order):
- Abassi
- Abro
- Afridi
- Agha
- Akhundzada
- Alizai
- Alvi
- Ansari
- Arain
- Attari
- Badami
- Baig
- Bajwa
- Bajwana
- Baloch
- Balti
- Bandial
- Bangash
- Baral
- Bari
- Basra
- Basra
- Basra
- Basra
- Batra
- Bettani
- Bhadera
- Bhandara
- Bharwana
- Bhatti
- Bhayo
- Bhittani
- Bhutta
- Bhutto
- Bilour
- Bodla
- Bodla
- Bodla
- Borka
- Bosan
- Bugti
- Bukhari
- Burki
- Butt
- Butt
- Butter
- Buzdar
- Chadhar
- Chadhar
- Chandi
- Channa
- Chaudhary
- Chawala
- Cheema
- Chinoy
- Chinoy
- Chishti
- Chitrali
- Chohan
- Chughtai
- Dagra
- Dahani
- Dar
- Darazi
- Darvesh
- Daudpota
- Daultana
- Dayo
- Dharejo
- Dhudhi
- Dhudyal
- Dogar
- Dudhaal
- Durrani
- Faridi
- Faruqi
- Fatyana
- Gardezi
- Gehlan
- Ghakkar
- Ghauri
- Ghumman
- Ghumman
- Ghuncha
- Ghural
- Ghurmani
- Gill
- Gillani
- Gondal
- Goraya
- Goraya
- Gujjar
- Gurmani
- Hai
- Hanjra
- Hanjra
- Haqqani
- Haraj
- Hashmi
- Hashwani
- Hijazi
- Hilaly
- Hiraj
- Hiraj
- Hotiana
- Jadoon
- Jafri
- Jafri
- Jagirani
- Jamot
- Jan
- Jang
- Janjua
- Jarral
- Jatoi
- Jattala
- Jhagra
- Jhakro
- Jilani
- Joya
- Joya
- Joyia
- Jutt
- Kakakhel
- Kakkar
- Kalasra
- Kalson
- Kamboh
- Kamyana
- Kandahari
- Kanth
- Kapasi
- Kasana
- Kashipuri
- Kasuri
- Kaswani
- Kaswani
- Kazmi
- Khakwani
- Khan
- Khana
- Khani
- Khanzada
- Khar
- Khar
- Kharal
- Kharal
- Khaskheli
- Khattak
- Khattar
- Khawaja
- Khilji
- Khokhar
- Khosa
- Khosa
- Kiani
- Kirmani
- Kisana
- Klasra
- Kohlon
- Koonj
- Kotla
- Kundi
- Laghari
- Lakhani
- Lali
- Lalika
- Langrial
- Lashari
- Lodhi
- Lohar
- Mahay
- Mahdi
- Mahsud
- Maitla
- Maitla
- Majeethia
- Malik
- Maneka
- Mangat
- Manj
- Marri
- Mashwani
- Mastoi
- Mawji
- Mazari
- Mehar
- Mehsar
- Memon
- Memon
- Mengal
- Meo
- Mian
- Mir
- Mirza
- Motla
- Motla
- Mughal
- Mugheri
- Najmi
- Nandla
- Naqvi
- Naseerzai
- Niazi
- Nizami
- Noorani
- Noorzai
- Owaisi
- Pasha
- Peerzada
- Poonja
- Qadri
- Qazi
- Qureshi
- Rabbani
- Rabbani
- Rae
- Rahi
- Raisani
- Raja
- Rajj
- Rajper
- Rajput
- Rana
- Randhawa
- Randhawa
- Ranghar
- Ranjhan
- Ranjhan
- Rao
- Rathi
- Rathodh
- Rathore
- Razi
- Rehmani
- Rind
- Rind
- Rizvi
- Rohra
- Sabri
- Sachal
- Sadozai
- Safi
- Safvi
- Sahi
- Sahi
- Sahibzada
- Salarzai
- Sandhila
- Sanghera
- Sardar
- Satti
- Sehgal
- Sethi
- Shafi
- Shah
- Shamsi
- Sheikh
- Sherazi
- Sherazi
- Shinwari
- Shirwany
- Sial
- Siddique
- Sidhu
- Sodhi
- Sohal
- Sohal
- Solangi
- Soomro
- Subhani
- Sudhraijh
- Sudhranjh
- Sufi
- Sukhera
- Sukhera
- Sulaich
- Sulehria
- Suri
- Swatti
- Syed
- Talpur
- Tanoli
- Tarar
- Tareen
- Teeli
- Tesori
- Tiwana
- Trimizi
- Tumman
- Turi
- Uppal
- Uppal
- Uppal
- Usmani
- Vaid
- Vardaq
- Vehra
- Virk
- Virk
- Vohra
- Wahla
- Waince
- Walana
- Wani
- Warraich
- Warsi
- Waseer
- Wasti
- Wattoo
- Wazeer
- Yazdani
- Yousafzai
- Zaidi
- Zardari
- Zehri
- Zuberi
If your caste is missing, write in comments.
