What Federalization Gets Wrong
Federal takeover sounds decisive on television. In practice, it displaces responsibility without fixing incentives. Cities function when local governments do. Everything else is choreography.
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Karachi’s crisis isn’t provincial ownership—it’s powerless local government. Federal takeover won’t fix what devolution can.

Federal takeover sounds decisive on television. In practice, it displaces responsibility without fixing incentives. Cities function when local governments do. Everything else is choreography.
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