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Refused to meet Hurriyat Conference leaders, a symbolic but politically costly decision domestically
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Prioritized trade normalization and dialogue with India
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Advanced a policy line that Pakistan would not internationalize Kashmir through proxies
These were not crowd-pleasing moves inside Pakistan. They were deliberate signals of restraint.
4. Pulwama, Pahalgam, and the Evidence Gap
High-casualty attacks demand high-grade proof. Yet in cases like Pulwama (2019) and Pahalgam (2025):









































